Corruption Practices in Regional Head Elections in Indonesia Since 2004

The amount of costs that must be paid by candidates for regional heads and candidates for deputy regional heads during regional head elections is suspected to be the cause of many of them being involved in corruption cases. This condition is compounded by the government's neglect of building a transparent and accountable system.

There is a relationship between high election costs and corruption involving regional heads and deputy regional heads. So, when elected and in power, they tend to try to return the capital that has been used to win the Pilkada, either by buying voters' votes, providing basic necessities, and paying money to their success team. This caused the regional head to be arrested by the Corruption Eradication Commission (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi).

Courtesy of Freepick.com

Acts of corruption with the form and type of not less than seven (7) forms and 30 types of corruption. This is a rule that election organizers and participants should not do. One of these rules is that bribery often occurs and is carried out by election organizers or civil servants or state civil servants at the central and regional levels, very vulnerable to being bribed by election participants who are found to have violated campaign rules.

Corruption cases in the form of bribery or bribery or gift giving or gift recipients to mobilize someone to do or not do something that is contrary to their obligations or position, including acts of corruption and violating the Corruption Act. Corruption crimes in the form of bribery often occur and color the Pilkada event. Empirical data shows that the most crimes handled by the KPK are cases of bribery. One type of crime against humanity (corruption) often occurs and colors the regional elections. One thing is for sure, the bribe giver and the recipient both commit corruption. Based on 2018 data, there were 30



times the KPK conducted 'arrest operation' (Operasi Tangkap Tangan/OTT) with 122 suspects and 22 regional heads related to corruption in the form of bribery.

Shortly, KPK coordinates, monitors budget refocusing/reallocation plans, and provides recommendations to Ministries/institutions/local governments if they find budgetary or allocation irregularities. While the fourth potential is corruption in the social safety net assistance fund (Social Safety Net) by the central and local governments. The KPK identified vulnerable points in recipient data collection, data clarification and validation, goods shopping, aid distribution, and supervision. To prevent this, Firli explained, the KPK encourages Ministries/Institutions/Local Governments to use Integrated Social Welfare Data (Data Terpadu Kesejahteraan Sosial/DTKS) as a reference for collecting data on social assistance recipients and encourage data disclosure of social assistance recipients and open channels for public complaints.

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