The Term of Place Identity and Its Meaning

 The term of place identity has duality in its meaning. In terms of space planning and design, place identity is generally related to the place itself. It refers to the uniqueness of a place as a result of the interaction between physical features and its users. For instance, Stobbelaar & Pedroli (2011) used landscape identity to define the perceived uniqueness of a place. In addition, they asserted that having both personal and social dimensions and uniqueness depends on the interaction between the physical environment and social factors. Sepe (2010) posited about a close connection between urbanisation and globalisation. These two phenomena affect the social, economic, cultural, and physical environment in people’s daily lives. In the context of globalisation, there are unavoidable global concerns about environmental sustainability. It cannot be underestimated, because it is related to many aspects such as water, air, energy, and transportation which fortunately generates attention. In comparison, urban identity rarely gets attention.

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Space identity built in an area shall heed to the buildings’ heritage (spatial history) and include symbolic meanings for both local residents and visitors. Both locals and visitors often notice and understand significant historical events associated with place identity. The buildings and city structures tell past stories, their meaning and the cultural values involved. Therefore, heritage is constructed under the assumption that urban identity’s indicators are different; heritage conservation is constructed as the main concern in relation to the sustainability of urban identity. Of course, it is not possible and reasonable to protect each building and structure of an old city. Moreover, it is impossible to turn each historical site into the space/place identity of a certain region. Place identity is mostly formed through a series of syntheses of cultural and political elements.

The identity is always tailored to the needs of a certain era. In the modernisation era, place identity sometimes solely exists as a city brand. For instance, Bogor the City of Rain, Bandung the City of Flowers and Paris Van Java, Surabaya the City of Heroes, and so forth. However, in the globalisation era, place identity does not merely refer to the distinctiveness of a city compared to other cities, but there is an added commercial value to it. Such distinctiveness produces past identities with political and socio-historical values. Past identities are produced to contest with other places in the world. It distinguishes the construction of the identity in the modernisation and globalisation era. The place identity of a certain region should be different from others. The construction of it cannot be separated from capitalisation and commodification, as well as political process. Each place with its distinct identity can carry out its own political economy function.


 

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