The Covid-19 Pandemic Causes an Increase in the Number of Poor People in East Java, Indonesia

The Covid-19 Pandemic Causes an Increase in the Number of Poor People in East Java, Indonesia 

PPKM is the government's policy to maintain people’s health by protecting the community from the exposure of Covid-19. This policy is such a dilemma for the community, especially those whose economic conditions are at the lower middle level, moreover for groups of people whose daily lives depend on entrepreneurship and odd jobs/freelancers. The PPKM policy provides a number of benefits, but also cannot be separated from the consequences in the form of unfavorable impacts that are directly accepted by the community.

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the numbers of poverty increased in East Java. Poverty is a complex problem which the Government has so far tried hard to overcome. The poverty rate of depth and severity continues to be reduced. However, the Covid-19 pandemic, which caused the Government to make PSBB and PPKM regulations, made the poverty rate difficult to control. The Central Statistical Bureau Head of East Java revealed that the poor community in East Java increased as a result of Covid-19 pandemic. Up until September 2020, the poor population in East Java was 11.46 percent of the total population. An increase of 1.26 percentage points from 2019. The Poverty Depth Index in East Java increased from 1,818 in March 2020 to 1,970 in September 2020. As well as the severity of poverty, it increased from 0,430 to 0,529 in the same period[1]. Several factors that affected the amount of poor people in East Java enlargement. One of them was economical activity shrinkage. Another factor possible was a decrease in population mobility. A survey revealed, through March-September, majority of people stay at home [2]. When people stay at home more often, productivity will decrease. If productivity slumped, there would be a drop in income as well. This condition later forced the community to make savings during the PSBB period, even being trapped in debt.

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